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how to derive redshift formula. For an object at redshift z. Above is the linear relationship between the redshift and distance and the mathematical expression for Hubbles law as follows.
Namely draw waves as consecutive parallel lines moving at velocity c whose distance is l if the source is not moving and let the source move away at v. For an object at redshift z. N R n E n E D ϕ c 2 g h c 2.
To derive the redshift effect use the geodesic equation for a light wave which is where ds is the spacetime interval.
Fracd_Lcfrac1H_01zint_0zfracdzsqrtOmega_M1z3Omega_Lambda and that in the Einstein-de Sitter universe is. 3 For small redshifts the above reduces to c z H 0 d for k 0 and for non-zero k. The STDDEV_SAMP and STDDEV_POP functions return the sample and population standard deviation of a set of numeric values integer decimal or floating-point. Where l is understood to be l emitted l rest in the rest frame of the emitter.